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Money is one of the most important inventions of civilization. From tea leaves to bitcoins - the content, qualities and forms of money have always changed over the centuries. In the modern world, the institution of money faces challenges unprecedented in history. "Money from the air." After the crisis of 2008, the key central banks of the world - the USA and Europe - dramatically increased the volume of unsecured money supply, in fact, created trillions of money from the air, and the central banks of a number of countries - Japan, Switzerland, Sweden - conduct an anomalous policy - give money under negative percentage. This article presents a modern view of one of the most important economic categories in the world.
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Galushka et al. (2020) studied this question.
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