Key result
Real-time 3D TEE guidance enables successful percutaneous paravalvular leak closure in reported cases.
Why the study?
Paravalvular leak is a rare but serious complication of heart valve surgery, and percutaneous closure guided by real-time 3DTEE offers an alternative for high-surgical-risk patients with symptomatic defects.
Case Report (n=2)
Demonstrates real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiographic guidance during percutaneous paravalvular leak closure, highlighting its role in managing high-risk prosthetic valve complications.
Paravalvular leak (PVL), defined as retrograde blood flow adjacent to an annuloplasty ring (Figure 1 a, Video 1) or prosthetic valve (Figure 1 b, Video 2), is a rare but serious complication of heart valve surgery.Though most PVLs are asymptomatic, 1-5% of patients develop serious clinical consequences such as heart failure, endocarditis, or hemolysis [1,2].Surgical repair may be necessary in severe cases, however for those who are at high surgical risk, a percutaneous approach can be performed to occlude these defects [1,3-9].Real-time three-dimensional transesophogeal echocardiography (3DTEE) during percutaneous closure procedures is invaluable for intra-procedural guidance.In this article, we will review the literature and outline two cases where real-time 3DTEE guidance was critical for successful closure of symptomatic PVL.
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Venturini et al. (2015) conducted a case report in Symptomatic prosthetic valve paravalvular leak (n=2). Real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (3DTEE) guidance during percutaneous PVL closure was evaluated on Successful percutaneous closure of symptomatic paravalvular leak. Real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography guidance enabled successful percutaneous closure of symptomatic paravalvular leak in 2 of 2 reported cases (100%).
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