A distributed feedback (DFB) laser in LiNbO3 is demonstrated using a Ti:Fe:Er:LiNbO3 waveguide with a holographically written photorefractive grating. The DFB laser was combined with a waveguide amplifier on the same substrate. Up to 1.12 mW of output power at λ=1531.35 nm was emitted by the laser/amplifier combination at a pump power level of 240 mW (λP=1480 nm). The emission spectrum consists of the two lowest-order DFB modes of about 3.9 GHz frequency spacing. Whereas the measured threshold gain of ∼3.3 dB/cm approximately agreed with the modeling results, the observed mode spacing was clearly smaller than calculated.
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Das et al. (2003) studied this question.
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