Gynogenetic rainbow trout lines can be produced easily with the simple UV sperm irradiation technique detailed in this study. The dose effect on embryonic survival rate is called a pseudo "Hertwig effect" because of major differences with results of gamma irradiation: Some mixing of various karyotypes (from diploid to haploid number) were obtained with mean doses, probably because of the weak penetrating power of the ultraviolet rays. Irradiations lasting 4 minutes of more are required to produce homogeneous haploid progeny; heat shock applied to such fertilized eggs results in diploid fry of the maternal phenotype.
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Daniel Chourrout (1982) studied this question.
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