Stability of surface integral equation for left-handed materials

In recent years, left-handed materials (LHMS) have been a hot and debated research topic. Electromagnetic simulation is usually performed for prediction as well as for design. The stability of the surface integral equation method through an insightful and rigorous procedure is analysed. The conclusion is that the PMCHWT formulation at perfectly matched LHM–RHM interface has stability problem, which comes from the plasmon resonance condition. Adding a small amount of loss can greatly improve the condition number of the matrix. Physical and consistent numerical results are shown followed by a brief conclusion.