Technology Acceptance Model in the Application of Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study in a Remote Area of Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the pace of Industrial Revolution 4.0. People have been forced to adapt quickly to the industrial revolution ecosystem. Higher Education Institutions in West Sumbawa Indonesia, a remote area, were forced to implement online learning for all courses. This change was difficult because it was a new perspective on online education and its technological complexity. This study aimed to examine students' self-efficacy in their ability to use online learning technology and its influence on perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitudes toward computer-based education, and learning performance. Data processing was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Smart-PLS™ software. The results of this study indicated that students' self-efficacy significantly influences learning performance in their ability to use online learning technology, mediated by learning engagement, attitudes toward computer-based education, and perceived usefulness. The novelty of this study lies in developing a model based on technology acceptance and measuring its impact on learning performance in higher education institutions (HEIs) in remote areas during the implementation of online learning triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic.