Developing an Information Technology Spin-off Framework: Palestinian Universities Case

Universities in Palestine struggle to align their technological outputs with business needs. This study proposes a market-driven approach to overcome obstacles in creating IT spin-offs for Palestinian universities to commercialise their technology outputs. The study developed a verified framework in three rounds of Delphi with seven senior experts from higher education institutions in Palestine. The thematic analysis synthesised the qualitative feedback. The proposed framework provides quadruple collaboration, an Information Management System (IMS), Digital Technologies (DTs), and Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs). IMS-driven market identification, TTO-led phase administration, and embedded user validation. Advances spin-off theory by digitalising stakeholder interactions and institutionalising market-pulling IT. Policy interventions and IT infrastructure investments provide scalable solutions for developing economies. Researchers empirically validated the originality and value of the IT spin-off framework for Palestinian higher education institutions.