A Conditional Semi-Analytical Global-Mode Torque Framework for Early Supermassive Black Hole Growth

This paper explores whether gravitational interactions between an unstable, gas-rich accretion disk and its surrounding dark matter halo could help explain how supermassive black holes grew so massive so early in the universe's history — a puzzle highlighted by recent JWST observations. The model is tested against 31 real, published black hole mass measurements and matches 28 of them within a broad tolerance, using one fixed calibration value applied identically across the whole sample (not tuned per object).Importantly, the paper shows that this same result could also be produced by a much simpler formula with no physical mechanism attached — meaning the fit demonstrates the mass budget is plausible under this framework, not that the proposed mechanism is confirmed. This distinction, along with a full list of assumptions and open questions, is stated explicitly in the paper (Sections 6.3 and 8).This is an independent, exploratory theoretical work and has not undergone peer review.