Retrospective study finds high treatment success alongside regional comorbidity disparities in marginalized populations, highlighting the necessity for integrated healthcare models.
Key Points
To evaluate the dual burden of HIV and tuberculosis among key populations in Nigeria and inform integrated healthcare strategies.
Conducted a retrospective quantitative analysis using secondary health records from the Heartland Alliance database (2019–2024) across selected states in Nigeria.
Assessed diagnostic modalities, preventive regimens, and factors associated with TB treatment success and HIV/TB comorbidity using SPSS version 28.
TB diagnosis relied primarily on symptom screening (66.3%) and Gene Xpert testing (79.9%), with new cases comprising 89.0% and relapses comprising 11.0%.
HIV/TB comorbidity was significantly associated with Cross River State (adjusted OR = 78.996; P < 0.001), and 72.3% of non-comorbid individuals received a 3-month isoniazid-rifampicin preventive regimen.
Overall TB treatment success was 91.8%, with higher success in females (crude OR = 13.611; P = 0.021) and reduced success in WHO Stage II disease (crude OR = 0.127; P = 0.041).