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The electro-optical characteristics of a polymer light-emitting diode with a strongly reduced hole injection have been investigated. A silver contact on poly-dialkoxy-p-phenylene vinylene decreases the hole injection by five orders of magnitude, resulting in both a highly reduced light output and current. However, at high applied voltages, the current and light output strongly exceed the predictions based on the reduced hole injection, which is explained by an enhanced electric field near the hole-injection contact due to trapped electrons.
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Woudenbergh et al. (2003) studied this question.
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