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August 19, 2026Immunologic ResearchOpen Access

Immunoglobulin-mediated immune dysregulation in recurrent pregnancy loss: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic perspectives

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Authors

KCKamala CPSPallavi ShekarUKUmme Kulsum

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Overview

Comprehensive review uncovers immunoglobulin-mediated immune dysregulation mechanisms in recurrent pregnancy loss, highlighting opportunities for biomarker profiling and targeted immunotherapy.

Key Points

  • To review the mechanistic roles of immunoglobulin dysregulation and autoantibodies in recurrent pregnancy loss, alongside emerging biomarkers and targeted immunotherapies.
  • Synthesized molecular and clinical evidence regarding immunoglobulin profiles, IgG subclass alterations, and pathogenic autoantibodies in maternal-fetal tolerance.
  • Assessed downstream pathological mechanisms including impaired trophoblast invasion, thrombosis, and endothelial dysfunction, while evaluating clinical efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin.
  • Pathogenic autoantibodies, including antiphospholipid and antinuclear antibodies, drive adverse pregnancy outcomes by impairing trophoblast invasion, inducing endothelial dysfunction, and promoting thrombosis.
  • Regulatory B cells and balanced immunoglobulin networks serve essential functions in maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance and preventing cytokine imbalance.
  • Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy demonstrates clinical utility in select stratified patient subsets, though variable response rates emphasize the necessity of precision biomarker profiling.

Cite This Study

C et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a858aaf03308d306e2d7eb8https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-026-09820-z
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