Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Redox Process Application

Emad Salaam Abood

doi:10.21123/2411-7986.5382

August 17, 2026Baghdad Science JournalOpen Access

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Redox Process Application

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Key Points

Synthesize titanium dioxide nanoparticles via a sol-gel method and evaluate their electrochemical performance in modified carbon paste electrodes for redox sensing.
Synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles using a sol-gel method and fabricated carbon paste electrodes using varying TiO2-to-graphite ratios (30:70, 50:50, and 70:30) with paraffin oil.
Characterized redox behavior and electron migration via cyclic voltammetry across various scan rates, temperatures (288–308 K), and pH ranges (6–7).
Achieved optimal electrode conductivity at a 50:50 TiO2-to-graphite mixture ratio.
Identified optimal operating conditions at a scan rate of 0.1 V s⁻¹, temperatures between 288–308 K, and pH 6–7, successfully measuring titanium ions across a 1–10 ppm calibration range.
Determined thermodynamic and kinetic physical parameters, reporting ΔG at 1.5, ΔH at 1.2, ΔS at 3.1, and K at 0.1.

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Implication

Experimental study demonstrates enhanced electrochemical redox performance using titanium dioxide modified electrodes, indicating viability for sensitive chemical detection.

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Emad Salaam Abood (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a858aaf03308d306e2d7f89 https://doi.org/10.21123/2411-7986.5382

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Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Redox Process Application

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Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Redox Process Application

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