Legal Protection of Future Generations' Interests From Ecocide and Its Threats (Based on Foreign Research and Legislative Practice)

Foreign doctrinal and legislative levels of implementation of the protection of the interests of future generations from ecocide and its threats in constitutional, and then in sectoral norms of states are analyzed. The philosophical and legal aspects of protecting future generations from ecocide and its threats are considered. It is stated that the trigger for the recognition and determination of the vectors for resolving the problem was the statement of the phenomenon of intergenerational conflict, in particular, that the actions of current generations can jeopardize the needs of future generations. In most cases, these concerns relate to the environment and natural resources, which is primarily associated with ecocide, in other situations, concerns relate to bioethical rights. The discussion of approaches to integrating the interests of future generations into decision-making made it possible to distinguish two types of responsibilities, depending on whether they are assigned to individuals or to society and the state. The domestic legislation of a number of countries turned out to be receptive to the idea of protecting the interests of future generations, and not only constitutional. Since ecocide is the most dangerous form of environmental and human impact, many domestic as well as international legal sources recognize that the actions of current generations in this context may jeopardize the needs of future generations. It is characteristic that constitutional provisions are not limited to preambles with general, declarative wording. Defining future generations as carriers of environmental and legal interests, constitutional norms are developed in domestic sectoral laws and international legal acts.The results of the study made it possible to propose a justification for the need to protect the interests of future generations from ecocide and its threats not only by constitutional-legal, but also by sectoral legal norms.