Biosynthesis, Structure, and Biological Action of the Lipids of the Tubercle Bacillus

The extensive studies of R.J. Anderson between 1926 and 1946 nad the subsequent work of Stenhagen, Polgar, and Cason, and of the author's laboratory have demonstrated the astonishing abilities of the tubercle bacillus in synthetizing lipids. Numerous branched‐chain fatty acids, glycolipids, peptidolipids, and peptidoglycolipds have been isolated, and their structures more or less elucidated. Such work is of interest not only to natural‐priduct chemists, and biochemists, but especially to biologists and pathologists who are concerned with the harmful effects caused by the tubercle bacillus. The present article discusses chiefly three points: 1. The biogenesis of the branched‐chain fatty acids. ‐ 2. The structures of several glyco‐, peptido‐, and peptidoglycolipids. ‐ 3. Adjuvant activity and immunization by the lipids of the tubercle bacillus.