Key result
Highest TyG index quartile linked to ~39% higher stroke risk versus lowest quartile.
Why the study?
The triglyceride-glucose index and its related parameters are biomarkers of insulin resistance and may be of significance for predicting stroke, but their relationship with stroke risk needed summarization.
Does a higher triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its related parameters predict an increased risk of stroke in adults without a prior history of stroke?
Meta-Analysis (n=6,511,326)
Does a higher triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its related parameters predict an increased risk of stroke in adults without a prior history of stroke?
Higher levels of the TyG index and its related parameters (TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR) are significantly associated with an increased risk of incident stroke, suggesting their utility as surrogate markers for insulin resistance in stroke primary prevention.
TyG index may refine stroke risk stratification in practice; supports further validation in prospective trials before routine adoption.
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its related parameters are biomarkers of insulin resistance (IR) and maybe of great significance for predicting the occurrence of stroke. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the relationship between TyG and its related parameters with the risks of stroke. By searching the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed databases, we obtained prospective cohort studies that reported the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between the TyG index and its related parameters (TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR) and stroke incidence. The results were combined using a random-effects model. This meta-analysis included 21 prospective cohort studies with a total of 6,511,326 participants. The results showed that, compared to the lowest group for TyG or its related parameters, the highest group had an increased risk of stroke (TyG-BMI: HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.22–1.99, I 2 = 84.69%; TyG-WC: HR: 1.63, 95% CI:1.17–2.28, I 2 = 89.51%; TyG-WHtR: HR: 1.79, 95%CI:1.17–2.72, I 2 = 93.91%). Subgroup analyses revealed that the relationship between TyG and its related parameters and stroke was not significantly affected by gender, region, sample size, and follow-up duration. Higher levels of TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR may indicate a higher risk of stroke occurrence.
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Yang et al. (2025) conducted a meta-analysis in Stroke (n=6,511,326). Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index vs. Lowest TyG quartile was evaluated on Incidence of stroke (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.26-1.53). Individuals in the highest quartile of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index had a significantly increased risk of stroke compared to those in the lowest quartile (HR 1.39).
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