Key result
Topical application of ferric chloride to the LAD coronary artery in pigs induced a transmural anteroseptal myocardial infarction with progressive hemodynamic impairment.
This porcine model of ferric chloride-induced LAD thrombosis closely mimics clinical myocardial infarction following plaque rupture, providing a valuable tool for assessing new treatments.
Establishes a porcine MI model; leaves open its utility for testing therapies until validated translationally.
Background: Great advances have been made in the prevention of thrombotic disorders by developments of new pharmacological and surgical treatments.Animal models of arterial thrombosis have largely contributed to the discovery and to the validation of original treatments.The purpose of the present work was to develop and validate an original model of acute myocardial infarction provoked in pig by thrombosis of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery induced by topical application of ferric chloride solution.Methods and results: Myocardial infarction, resulting from an occlusive and adherent mixed thrombus formed in the LAD coronary artery, was examined at macroscopic level using dual staining technique (Evans blue dye; triphenyltetrazolium chloride) and at microscopic level using conventional histological analyses and immunohistochemical detection of desmin.Biochemical markers (troponin Tand ATP), platelet reactivity and standard hemodynamic parameters (such as stroke volume, ejection fraction, stroke work and cardiac output) have also been evaluated.From these analyses, it was demonstrated that each pig developed a transmural area of irreversible damage mainly located in the anteroseptal region of the left ventricle.The more progressive development of coronary artery occlusion, as compared to an abrupt ligation, was accompanied by a correspondingly progressive impairment in hemodynamics. Conclusion:We conclude that this original porcine model of myocardial infarction is quite close to clinical pathophysiological conditions, such as thrombus formation occurring after atherosclerotic plaque rupture.This certainly constitutes a further argument in favour of this model to assess pharmaceutical or mechanical support of an acutely ischemie heart.
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A 2005 study studied Myocardial infarction. Topical application of ferric chloride solution vs. Abrupt ligation was evaluated on Myocardial infarction characteristics (macroscopic, microscopic, biochemical, and hemodynamic parameters). Topical application of ferric chloride to the LAD coronary artery in pigs induced a transmural anteroseptal myocardial infarction with progressive hemodynamic impairment.
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