We argue that the event-by-event fluctuations of the ratio of positively charged over negatively charged pions provides a measurement of the number of rho and omega mesons right after hadronization. This finding can be utilized to put the hypothesis of chemical equilibration in relativistic heavy ion collisions to a test. The fluctuation may also serve as an indicator for new physics to be discovered in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
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Jeon et al. (1999) studied this question.
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