Green renovation of building envelopes in higher education institutions: study of energy-saving and carbon reduction at Nanjing audit university Mochou campus

This study examines carbon-reduction retrofit strategies for aging university buildings, using Nanjing Audit University’s Mochou campus as a case study. The retrofit incorporated high-performance insulation, optimized window-to-wall ratios, low-emissivity glass, and green concrete, achieving a 40% reduction in energy consumption. Energy simulations, monitoring, and occupant comfort assessments confirmed improved thermal performance and sustainability. Findings provide insights into material selection and lifecycle cost reduction for energy-efficient retrofits. This research highlights the economic and environmental benefits of building envelope upgrades, supporting green building initiatives, and sustainable campus development.