This study presents a comprehensive analysis of ecological and environmental protection policies in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), focusing on the alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through an extensive review and classification of regional policies, the research highlights both the strengths and gaps in addressing key SDGs, particularly those related to climate action, life on land, and responsible consumption. This study uses advanced natural language processing techniques to categorize policy initiatives and assess their effectiveness in fostering sustainable development within the GBA. The findings underscore the need for enhanced regional collaboration and policy coherence to overcome structural challenges and improve ecological outcomes. This paper contributes innovative insights into the dynamics of policy integration and offers practical recommendations for strengthening governance mechanisms to achieve environmental sustainability and regional ecological security.
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Wang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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