This paper reports the design of a compact branch line coupler based on defected ground structure (DGS) in microstrip medium. Unit cell's (of DGS) equivalent circuit has been used to evaluate the performance of coupler. Based on this approach, a compact coupler has been realized at 2.4 GHz yielding a size reduction of 33% over the conventional coupler.
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Ramesh et al. (2008) studied this question.
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