This article describes the design of a dual-beam optical tweezers (OT) instrument which, in contrast to conventional single-beam OT, directly measures the change in light momentum flux when a trapped object experiences a force. Consequently, no local calibration is needed to measure the force acting on a trapped particle. The instrument has a high trapping efficiency and forces up to 200 pN can be measured. In addition, the above-mentioned system operates in conjunction with a three-dimensional steerable single-beam OT.
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Grange et al. (2002) studied this question.
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