Kotonkan virus (IbAr 23380), represented by a single isolate from Culicoides spp. collected at the University of Ibadan Agricultural Farm, Nigeria, in December 1967, is a chloroform-sensitive agent related to Mokola virus of the rabies serogroup by complement-fixation and fluorescent-antibody tests but not by neutralization test. Electron microscopic studies show the majority of virions to be cone-shaped like those of bovine ephemeral fever virus. Surveys of available serum specimens collected in Nigeria disclosed neutralizing substance for kotonkan virus in man, cattle, rodents and insectivores in the north, and in cattle, sheep and horses in the south. Results of additional neutralization tests with sera of newly imported cattle suffering a bovine ephemeral fever-like illness, suggest a possible connection between such outbreaks and kotonkan virus.
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Kemp et al. (1973) studied this question.