Key result
3D TEE shows dynamic LVOT area changes of ~17% across the cardiac cycle.
Why the study?
The dynamic changes in left ventricular outflow tract area and shape during the cardiac cycle have not been fully characterized using 3D echocardiography.
Cross-Sectional (n=58)
No
Objective: To analyze the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) dynamic during cardiac cycle with 3D Echocardiography (3DEcho). Material and Methods:We prospectively included 58 patients sent to our lab for a transesophageal echocardiographic study (TEE).All TEE were done with a 3DEcho probe, obtaining gated images (4 beats, complete volume) for off-line analysis.The cardiac cycle was divided in proto (S1), mid (S2) and telesystole (S3); and proto (D1), mid (D2) and telediastole (D3).The LVOT area was measured by planimetric method in short axis, orthogonal to the long axis of the LVOT in each phase.Results: Mean age was 69.7±15 years, 60% male.LVOT area (cm 2 ) in each phases was: S1: 4,36±1,02; S2: 4.08±0,94; S3: 3,82±0,93; D1: 3,59±0,98; D2: 3,77±1,01; D3: 4,15±1,11.Maximal area was observed in S1, corresponding to the closing position of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve (ALM) and a few excursion of the interventricular septum (IVS) to the LVOT; minimum area was obtained in D1 coinciding with some persistence of IVS in the LVOT and maximal opening position of ALM.The total modification of the area was 17±12% (p<0.0001),changing also the shape of the LVOT from a partially elliptical or circular one (systole) to an markedly elliptical or semilunar (diastole).Conclusion: the LVOT has a variation in area and shape during cardiac cycle, depending basically of the movement of IVS (systole) and mitral valve opening (diastole).
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
A 2015 study conducted a cross-sectional in Indication for transesophageal echocardiography (n=58). Tridimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) was evaluated on Total modification of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) area between protosystole and protodiastole (17±12% area modification, p=<0.0001). Tridimensional transesophageal echocardiography revealed that the left ventricular outflow tract undergoes significant dynamic changes during the cardiac cycle, with an area modification of 17±12% (p<0.0001) and varying elliptical-to-semilunar shape.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: