Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) promotes Achilles tendon repair: from network pharmacology prediction to in vivo mechanistic validation

Figures

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  FIGURE 1. Potential therapeutic targets of Salvia miltiorrhiza for Achilles tendon injury.

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  FIGURE 2. The “drug-component-target-disease” network of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Achilles tendon injury.

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  FIGURE 3. Overlapping targets of Tan IIA in Achilles tendon injury.

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  FIGURE 4. PPI network of Tan IIA’s potential targets for Achilles tendon repair.

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  FIGURE 5. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of Tan IIA’s targets in Achilles tendon repair.

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  FIGURE 6. (A) Representative histological images of rat Achilles tendon tissue at 4 weeks post-surgery stained with H&E (upper row) and Masson’s trichrome (lower row). (B) Quantitative histomorphological scores based on Bonar’s scale. Note: a, aa, aaa indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively, compared with the SHAM group; b, bb, bbb indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively, compared with the Model group.

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  FIGURE 7. Comparison of ultimate tensile load of rat Achilles tendon tissue at 4 weeks post-surgery. Note: a, aa, aaa indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 respectively, compared with the SHAM group. b, bb, bbb indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 respectively, compared with the Model group.

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  FIGURE 8. Immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative analysis of rat Achilles tendon tissue at 4 weeks post-surgery. Note: a, aa, aaa indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 respectively, compared with the SHAM group. b, bb, bbb indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 respectively, compared with the Model group.

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  FIGURE 9. Comparison of serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β in rats at 4 weeks post-surgery. Note: a, aa, aaa indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 respectively, compared with the SHAM group. b, bb, bbb indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 respectively, compared with the Model group.