The Genera of Turneraceae and Passifloraceae in the Southeastern United States

34v 182S.(TuRXERA Family) Hrrbs or shrubs [rarely trees], usually pul)Oscent.Leaves alternate, simple, toothed to entire [rarely pinnately divided], stipules small or absent.Flowers regular^ bisexual, 5-merous, often heterostylous, axillary, solitary | or in terminal and, or axillary heads, racemes, cymes, or rarely panMes].typically 2-bracteolate.Floral tube (hypanthium) sometimes very short, deciduous after anthesis, often bearing 5 protuberances or glands just above the insertion of staiuens and rarely a narrow, fringed corona within the petals.Sepals imbricate, on the rim of the floral tube.Petals distinct, perigynous, contorted in aestivation.Stamens 5^ alternipetalous, usually inserted in the floral tube; fllamcnts free; anthers introrse, dorsifixed near base, 2-locular at anthesis, dehiscing longitudinally; pollen grains ellipsoidal (prolate), mostly large, usually 3-colpate, reticulate.Gynoecium syncarpous, 3-carpellate; stigmas usually brushlike; styles 3, terminal, flliform.simple or dichotomously divided; ovary superior, sessile, 1-locular; placentae 3, parietal, each with 1 to numerous anatropous ovules with 2 integuments and thick nucellus [or placenta very rarely single, basal, uniovulate].rai)sule 1-locular, 3-valved, usually locuHcidal and 3-to many-seeded [rarely septicidal and 1-seeded]; seeds with a nienil)ranaceous, unilateral aril; seed coat alveolate-striate; endosperm fleshy; embryo large, axile, straight or slightly curved.Type genus: Turncra L.A family of eight genera with about 120 species distributed primarily in tropical America (two genera, one exclusively, the other predominantly American, with about 100 species), in tropical Africa (six genera with about 17 spccio), Madagascar (two genera, one monotypic), and Rodriguez Ishmd in the Mascarene group (one nionotypic, endemic genus).* Prci^arcd for a biologically oriented generic flora of the southeastern United Stales, a joint project of the Gray Herbarium and the Arnold Arboretum made possible through the support of George R. Coolcy and the National Science Foundation and under the direction of Reed C. Rollins and Carroll E. Wood, Jr.The scheme follows that outlined at the beginning of the series .Other published portions of these studies will be found in Jour.Arnold Arb.40 42, 1959Arb.40 42, -1961. .The area covered in this, as in former treatments, is bounded by and includes North