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A new ac bridge technique allows detailed photoelectric studies on very small particles suspended in gases. The photoelectric yield Y near threshold still follows the Fowler-Nordheim law Y=c (h-) ^2; yet c is generally much larger compared to surfaces of extended solids. For Ag particles of radius 20 in an airlike mixture of N₂ and O₂, c100c₀, where c₀ applies to a macroscopic Ag surface in the same environment.
Schmidt−Ott et al. (1980) studied this question.