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August 20, 2026PLOS complex systems.Open Access

Agentic AI: Vision and challenges

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Authors

SGSukhpal Singh GillSMSubramaniam Subramanian MurugesanKAKumar Ankur Anurag

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Overview

Conceptual review outlines frameworks, limitations, and applications of autonomous agentic AI across system scales, highlighting pathways to overcome instability and integration challenges.

Key Points

  • To establish a comprehensive conceptual framework unifying core agentic artificial intelligence functionalities with multi-scale implementation strategies and evaluate critical operational challenges.
  • Synthesized architectural principles and implementation methods for autonomous agentic systems across varying scales, including architectures based on large language models.
  • Systematically reviewed real-world application domains alongside persistent limitations in scalability, output stability, and software integration.
  • Identified output instability, scalability gaps, and system integration hurdles as the primary technical bottlenecks hindering current agentic pipelines.
  • Formulated a unified conceptual framework connecting fundamental autonomous AI functionalities with practical deployment strategies under real-world constraints.
  • Categorized primary agentic application domains and outlined open research challenges for resilient, real-time autonomous systems.

Cite This Study

Gill et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a86b4cb8a91293e6a1cc3c6https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcsy.0000120
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