Policy analysis demonstrates potential greenhouse gas emission reductions of 31–47% from biofuels along maritime corridors, highlighting the need for phased adoption before electrofuels.
Along the Asia–Europe shipping corridor, biofuels offer the strongest near-term option, potentially cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 31–47%, while electrofuels become more competitive after 2040 under the International Maritime Organization Net-Zero Framework. Policymakers could therefore adopt a phased strategy that prioritizes biofuels now and prepares infrastructure for electrofuels after 2040, to avoid locking shipping into transitional fossil fuels.
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Li et al. (2026) studied this question.
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