Encephalocele and the closely related entity, glioma, embryologically are probably extracranial protrusions of brain substance which rarely occur in the nasal region. Encephaloceles retain their intracranial connection, while with gliomas this connection is obliterated or vestigial. Radiographs may be helpful in detection of the soft tissue mass and associated osseous abnormalities, particularly the presence of a site of intracranial connection. Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea may occur spontaneously or after biopsy or removal of the encephalocele and may subsequently be complicated by meningitis.
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Ziter et al. (1970) studied this question.
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