Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and its relation to plasma lipids in coronary heart disease

Background : The present investigation is aimed at examining the E (APOE) genotypic influence on coronary heart disease(CHD) risk in northwest India (Punjab), where this disease is emerging a major threat to public-health care system. Materials and Methods: present study comprised of angiographically diagnosed coronary disease patients (n = 193) and controls (n = 150) of Punjab. polymorphism of APOE gene was investigated by polymerase chain (PCR), and its association with lipid levels was evaluated. : The allele frequencies of ε2, ε3, and ε4 were0.054, 0.795, 0.151; and 0.077, 0.856, 0.067 in patients and controls. The bearers of E3/E4 genotype had threefold higher of developing CHD in this population (OR, 3.04; CI,1.55-6.25; P < 0.001), which exacerbated (OR, 4.18; CI, 2.03-9.27; P< 0.001) after correcting for age, sex, BMI, and lipid-lowering. Lower HDL-C levels and higher LDL-C levels were found to be with E3/E4 genotype (P < 0.01). Other concomitants like mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) did not show up as genetic determinants in this part of the. Conclusions : A significant association (P = 0.016) of ε4, especially E3/E4 genotype, with CHD was observed, along with-C and LDL-C concentrations, in the population of northwest India.