Biobased nanocomposite hydrogels derived from renewable resources for biomedical applications

Various studies have been carried out on renewable materials obtained from different natural resources and explored their applicability for multiple fields including biomedical. Among them, polysaccharides and polypeptides as alternatives to petroleum-based raw materials have attracted considerable attention because of their cost-effective, biocompatible, biodegradable, and eco-friendly, as well as their antimicrobial properties. Furthermore, the incorporation of these biobased materials in the formulation of polymeric materials could be advantageous. Recently, research on utilization of these biobased materials for the creation of nanocomposites of hydrogels (NCHs) has become a hotspot in the biomedical field. They have also paved the way for their uses in research for both in vivo and in vitro applications. Initially, in this review, we have briefly summarized the employment of biobased materials as well as different reinforcing materials in the formulation of biobased NCHs. We have also discussed their utilization as scaffolds for tissue engineering, carriers for drug delivery, material for wound dressing as well as biosensing and so on. Finally, we demonstrated the prospects and challenges associated with these materials, in order to deliver important information to produce biobased NCHs with desired properties for biomedical applications.