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The light diffracted from transient holographic phase gratings has been used to investigate free-carrier and thermal effects in ZnO. The gratings were optically induced by two-photon absorption of two interfering optical beams. A sequential appearance of two gratings was observed: one from free carriers and the other from lattice heating. Diffraction efficiencies varied with the fourth power of the intensity of the interfering beams and reached ≈ 10% at the highest intensities.
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Dean et al. (1973) studied this question.
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