Saturation of the SIS mixer by out-of-band signals

The tendency of superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixers to saturate at low input signal levels is shown to depend on the total signal voltage across the junction, including frequency components outside the band of interest. If large dynamic range is to be achieved, mixers should be designed with embedding networks that present low impedances to the junction at out-of-band frequencies.>