Land use change in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Long-term impacts of drought and salinity intrusion using satellite and monitoring data

discharge and salinity monitoring, combined with satellite-derived land use data and yield validation, revealed the highest DSI impacts during the 2010-2011, 2015-2016, and 2019-2020 dry seasons. Local governments employed strategies such as drought-tolerant rice, improved irrigation, and revised cropping schedules to mitigate losses, yet further investments remain vital. Our findings provide evidence-based insights for managing DSI and strengthening agricultural resilience in the VMD and other vulnerable deltas worldwide.