Craig Young, Sylwia Kaczmarek, Changing the Perception of the Post-Socialist City: Place Promotion and Imagery in Łódź, Poland, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 165, No. 2, The Changing Meaning of Place in Post-Socialist Eastern Europe: Commodification, Perception and Environment (Jul., 1999), pp. 183-191
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Young et al. (1999) studied this question.
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