Hardware-in-the-loop test for aeroengine surge warning and active control in onboard environment

This study introduces a real-time, onboard surge warning and active control scheme aimed at suppressing surge instability in aeroengines during throttle and acceleration phases. First, aerodynamic stability demands for aeroengines across typical flight missions are analyzed to inform the design of an integrated detection and control framework. Within each detection cycle, compressor outlet total pressure is sampled using a sliding window and preprocessed. Instability features are extracted from high-resolution time–frequency spectra through a modified wavelet transform that combines dynamic scale discretization with synchrosqueezing, forming the basis for a warning logic system. Subsequently, a Composite Sliding Mode Controller (CSMC) integrated with an Extended State Observer (ESO) is developed based on a surge dynamic model that accounts for disturbances and uncertainties. A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) platform is constructed, comprising an aeroengine component level model with coupled surge dynamics, real-time warning devices, and rapid control prototyping systems. The proposed scheme is validated through throttle-induced and fuel-step-induced surge tests. The results demonstrate that the active control scheme provides early surge warnings, effectively suppresses surge phenomena, and maintains engine speed and pressure ratios, thereby ensuring comprehensive stability and performance control.