Aniline‐substituted diethynylarenes, which are readily synthesized through Sonogashira coupling reactions from commercially available 1,2‐dihaloarenes, directly produce aryl‐ and heteroaryl‐annulated[ a ]carbazoles by the gold‐catalyzed intramolecular cascade hydroamination/cycloisomerization without producing theoretical by‐products. This new atom‐economical route is easily applicable to various aryl‐annulated[ a ]carbazoles containing an alkyl, aryl or ester substituent.
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Hirano et al. (2010) studied this question.
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