Optically active, β-substituted aldehydes of type 2 can be prepared with high enantiomeric excesses (80-97% ee) by the addition of organolithium compounds to carbene complexes of type 1 [Eq. (a)]. This reaction corresponds to an asymmetric Michael addition to an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde.
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Barluenga et al. (1994) studied this question.
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