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BACKGROUND: Traumatic fractures of the second cervical vertebra are common, representing nearly 20% of all acute cervical spinal fracture-dislocation injuries. They are divided into 3 distinct injury patterns: odontoid fractures, hangman's fracture injuries, and fractures of the axis body, involving all other fracture injuries to the C2 vertebra. OBJECTIVE: An evidence-based overview of the medical and surgical treatment strategies for each axis fracture injury sub-type. RESULTS: Current medical and surgical management of traumatic fractures of the axis.
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Pryputniewicz et al. (2010) studied this question.
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