A backfire mode zigzag antenna is analysed using the method of moments. The effects of the filament length of the zigzag on the −10 dB beam width is calculated. The zigzag antenna is applied to a symmetrical paraboloidal reflector antenna as a primary feed. The reflector antenna shows a relatively constant gain in the communication satellite frequency band 12.25 – 2.75 GHz.
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Nakano et al. (1993) studied this question.