A miniature stacked wire-patch antenna, on small ground plane is described. Its dimensions are only 1.2 times the radiating element. This uses the original resonance phenomenon, owing to the presence of wires, to work like a short monopole for GSM frequencies located below the fundamental cavity resonance mode. Owing to its low profile, low cost, large bandwidth and dipolar radiation pattern, this antenna is very suitable for automobile or indoor ceiling applications needing a very small ground plane.
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Zaïd et al. (2002) studied this question.
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