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Proteinuria, haematuria, elevated diastolic blood pressure, and serum creatinine are significant predictors of ESRD, highlighting a gap in appropriate referral and treatment.
Summary: Epidemiological studies in Okinawa showed that the incidence and prevalence of ESRD were increasing. the significant predictors of ESRD were proteinuria, haematuria, diastolic blood pressure and serum creatinine. However, most people who showed these predictors were not referred and treated appropriately. Future studies should be focused on the role of early referral and intervention such as dietary change or life‐style modification, which may reduce the incidence of ESRD.
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Kunitoshi Iseki (1998) studied this question.
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