Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: A historical review

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has become one of the most common neuroendoscopic procedures. METHODS: In this article, we will review the major milestones in the history of ETV development from its early use by Walter Dandy to the techniques currently employed with advanced technology. CONCLUSIONS: ETV has become an important technique in the armamentarium of the neurosurgeon. From a meager beginning with few applications, our knowledge of long-term outcomes has evolved. ETV has a rich history and more recently, has had a renewed interest in its use. Our current understanding of its indications is growing and is based on a century of development through trial and error.