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A new 1.45-mm endoscope is described that can be inserted through a thin-walled No. 16 needle. The instrument was used in 10 cadavers for endoscopic exploration of the cisterna magna, the C1-2 space, Meckel's cave, and the cerebellopontine angle. Its potential clinical application is discussed.
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Takanori Fukushima (1978) studied this question.
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