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The mechanism responsible for the initiation of unipolar arcs on the tokamak first wall is studied by measuring plasma parameters in the scrape-off layer. It is shown that a large electric field in the sheath region produced by runaway electrons is the dominant cause of the arc initiation. The difference in arc frequency in the toroidal direction on the limiter surface is explained by an asymmetry of the ion flux due to ion drift motion.
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Ohtsuka et al. (1982) studied this question.
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