In vitro experimental study demonstrates selective optical detection of iron, copper, and mercury ions using squaraine dyes, highlighting their utility as dual-mode sensors.
Squaraine dyes were synthesized and exhibited NIR intense absorption and fluorescent emission and showed significant selectivity in the recognition of Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ through binding the O atom, N atom and olefin π bond with Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ .
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Li et al. (2023) studied this question.
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