Composite right/left‐handed based compact and high gain leaky‐wave antenna using complementary spiral resonator on HMSIW for Ku band applications

In this communication, a novel compact high gain composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) based leaky‐wave antenna (LWA) is presented at Ku band. A half‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide incorporated with a suitably oriented complementary quad spiral resonator (CQSR) is used to achieve a CRLH LWA. The unit cell is realised by a CQSR in such a way that the orientation of spirals exhibits higher leakage loss having a minimum cross coupling between them. The antenna is capable of scanning backward to forward along with a broadside direction in visible space. The proposed configuration has a length of 4.85 λ 0 which can scan within the frequency range of 13.5–17.8 GHz having a beam scanning range of 86° (−66° to 20°) and a maximum gain of 16 dBi. The simulated reflection coefficient of the proposed antenna is below −10 dB throughout the working frequency range with a side‐lobe level of below −10 dB. The designed prototype is more compact in nature having high gain, fair scanning range, and good cross‐polarisation level along with simpler design methodology and tuning capability to enhance the gain as well as radiation efficiency maintaining a fixed size. The proposed antenna could be a promising candidate in Ku‐band applications like fixed satellite services, and broadcast satellite services etc.