Temporal characteristics of runaway electrons in electron-neutral collision-dominated plasma of dense gases. Monte Carlo calculations

Electron runaway rates, and runaway delay time, runaway threshold energies were obtained from Monte Carlo (MC) simulations in the field domains 35-400 kV/cm and 240-400 kV/cm, respectively, for helium and nitrogen at 1 atm. MC simulations disprove all available analytical theories that ignore angular scattering of electrons, with the sole exception of Gurevich's theory for helium, in which angular scattering is relatively weak.