Sensitivity of time-lapse seismic data to pore pressure changes: Is quantification possible?

Time-lapse seismic data have contributed to increased reservoir knowledge and improved hydrocarbon recovery, mainly by monitoring changes in fluid saturation. Seismic signatures of pore pressure changes have been less commonly reported, although some observations, such as large depletion (Magnus Field) and secondary effects such as associated gas-out-of-solution (Shiehallion Field) and geomechanical effects in the reservoir and overburden (Ekofisk, Valhall, and HTHP fields), have been made. Quantification of the pore pressure changes from seismic data has rarely been performed to date.