Use of Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins to Increase the Susceptibility of Gram-Negative Bacteria to Antibiotics

Article1 October 1967Use of Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins to Increase the Susceptibility of Gram-Negative Bacteria to AntibioticsW. EDMUND FARRAR JR., M.D., F.A.C.P., NOEL M. O'DELL, B.S., JANE M. KRAUSE, A.B.W. EDMUND FARRAR JR., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, NOEL M. O'DELL, B.S.Search for more papers by this author, JANE M. KRAUSE, A.B.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-67-4-733 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMany gram-negative bacteria elaborate beta-lactamases capable of inactivating penicillin and related antibiotics (1-4). The presence of such enzymes appears to be an important factor in the resistance of these bacteria to the penicillins and cephalosporins (5-8). On the other hand, certain semisynthetic penicillins, such as methicillin, are only slowly hydrolyzed by the penicillinases of gram-negative bacteria but may exhibit high affinities for these enzymes. The semisynthetic penicillins thus may form relatively stable enzyme-substrate complexes and are capable of competitively inhibiting the activity of betalactamases (9-13) even though they are relatively ineffective as antibacterial agents against gram-negative bacilli. This type of...References1. HAMILTON-MILLER JM: Penicillinase from Klebsiella aerogenes. A comparison with penicillinases from gram-positive species. Biochem. J. 87: 209, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SMITHHAMILTON-MILLER JTJM: Differences between penicillinases from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Nature (London) 197: 976, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. POLLOCK MR: Enzymes destroying penicillin and cephalosporin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 4: 292, 1964. Google Scholar4. 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KLEINSABATHFINLAND JOLDM: Laboratory studies on oxacillin. I. In vitro activity against staphylococci and some other bacterial pathogens. II. Absorption and urinary excretion in normal young men. Amer. J. Med. Sci. 245: 399, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar25. KLEINFINLAND JOM: Ampicillin: activity in vitro and absorption and excretion in normal young men. Ibid., p. 544. Google Scholar26. KLEINEICKHOFFTILLESFINLAND JOTCJGM: Cephalothin: activity in vitro, absorption and excretion in normal subjects and clinical observations in 40 patients. Amer. J. Med. Sci. 248: 640, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar27. SHIRLEYMOORE RLJW: Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary-tract infection (letter to the editor). New Eng. J. Med. 273: 283, 1965. CrossrefGoogle Scholar28. SABATHELDERMCCALLSTEIGBIGELFINLAND LDHACENHM: Synergistic penicillin combinations in the treatment of human urinary-tract infections, in Proceedings of the Sixth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Philadelphia, Pa., October 26-28, 1966. American Society for Microbiology, Ann Arbor, 1966, p. 75. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: W. EDMUND FARRARJR., M.D., F.A.C.P.; NOEL M. O'DELL, B.S.; JANE M. KRAUSE, A.B.Affiliations: Atlanta, GeorgiaFrom the Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga.This investigation was supported in part by grants from Bristol Laboratories, Inc., Syracuse, N. Y., and Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.A preliminary report of this study was presented at the Sixth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 26-28, 1966, Philadelphia, Pa.Requests for reprints should be addressed to W. Edmund Farrar, Jr., M.D., Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Butler St., SE, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byKinetic Profiling of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Biocatalysts in Continuous Flow by Online Mass SpectrometrySymposium on Tissue Penetration of Antibiotics: Stockholm, September 15–16, 1977R Factor-Mediated and Chromosomal Resistance to Ampicillin in Escherichia coliMechanism of Synergistic Effects of β-Lactam Antibiotic Combinations on Gram-Negative BacilliCOMBINATIONS OF ANTIBIOTICSUse of michaelis-menten kinetics in the analysis of synergism between β-lactam antibioticsRelationship Between β-Lactamase Activity and Resistance of Enterobacter to CephalothinA NOTE ON INTERACTIONS BETWEEN METHICILLIN AND OTHER PENICILLINS IN DISC SENSITIVITY TESTS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDISStructure–Activity Relationships Among Semisynthetic CephalosporinsERYTHROPOIETIC PROTOPORPHYRIA IN TWO SISTERS 1 October 1967Volume 67, Issue 4Page: 733-743KeywordsAntibioticsBacteriaChemotherapyDrugsEnzymesGram negative bacteriaPenicillinPrevention, policy, and public healthPreventive medicinePseudomonas ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...